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TELECOM Digest Sat, 24 Dec 2005 21:54:00 EST Volume 24 : Issue 579 Inside This Issue: Happy Holiday Greetings! Government Spying: The Birth of N.S.A. (TELECOM Digest Editor) Re: A Merry Christmas For a Helpless Dog Who was Frozen Outside (Wesrock) Re: Florida Attorney General: My Email is Not Spam! (Wesrock@aol.com) Re: NYC Transit Strike Midst Cold Weather and Christmas (Seth Breidbart) Re: As Decency Issue Boils, Comcast Sets a Family Tier (Seth Breidbart) Re: Cell Phone Extenders? (Steven Lichter) Telecom and VOIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) Digest for the Internet. All contents here are copyrighted by Patrick Townson and the individual writers/correspondents. Articles may be used in other journals or newsgroups, provided the writer's name and the Digest are included in the fair use quote. By using -any name or email address- included herein for -any- reason other than responding to an article herein, you agree to pay a hundred dollars to the recipients of the email. =========================== Addresses herein are not to be added to any mailing list, nor to be sold or given away without explicit written consent. Chain letters, viruses, porn, spam, and miscellaneous junk are definitely unwelcome. We must fight spam for the same reason we fight crime: not because we are naive enough to believe that we will ever stamp it out, but because we do not want the kind of world that results when no one stands against crime. Geoffrey Welsh =========================== See the bottom of this issue for subscription and archive details and the name of our lawyer; other stuff of interest. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: Sat, 24 Dec 2005 21:12:26 EST From: ptownson@telecom-digest.org Subject: Government Spying: The Birth of N.S.A. A long time ago, spying on US citizens got started through the NSA, the National Security Agency. It seems like these federal agencies just pile on on top of each other; any one of them (FBI, NSA, Homeland Security, others) would be enough, but the deal is, whenever some incident occurs, the government response seems to be to start a new agency to deal with the problem. That was the case in 1952, the height of the 'communist scare' in the USA, and the National Security Agency was born. In this issue of the Digest, I include for your examination the (fomerly, about 15 years ago) secret charter for NSA. It was unsealed in 1990 and almost immediatly printed here in TELECOM Digest. It is being reprinted here today. Please note the reference to 'BITNET' which was discussed here yesterday in a message from Lisa Hancock to the Digest. Received: from CWRU.BITNET by nuacc.acns.nwu.edu; Sat, 10 Feb 90 23:12 CST Date: Sun, 11 Feb 90 00:03 EST From: CJS%cwru.bitnet@eecs.nwu.edu Subject: FOIA Jewel: Original Charter of the National Security Agency To: telecom@eecs.nwu.edu Message-Id: <DE1C39E236FF0031B1@nuacc.acns.nwu.edu> X-Original-To: security,telecom,sloan,jamie X-Envelope-To: telecom@eecs.nwu.edu Resent-Date: Sun, 11 Feb 90 9:56:08 CST Resent-From: telecom@eecs.nwu.edu Resent-To: ptownson@gaak.LCS.MIT.EDU Status: R At 12:01 ON the morning of November 4, 1952, a new federal agency was born. Unlike other such bureaucratic births, however, this one arrived in silence. No news coverage, no congressional debate, no press announcement, not even the whisper of a rumor. Nor could any mention of the new organization be found in the Government Organization Manual of the Federal Register or the Congressional Record. Equally invisible were the new agency's director, its numerous buildings, and its ten thousand employees. Eleven days earlier, on October 24, President Harry S Truman scratched his signature on the bottom of a seven-page presidential memorandum addressed to secretary of State Dean G. Acheson and Secretary of Defense Robert A. Lovett. Classified top secret and stamped with a code word that was itself classified, the order directed the establishment of an agency to be known as the National Security Agency. It was the birth certificate for America's newest and most secret agency, so secret in fact that only a handful in the government would be permitted to know of its existence. -James Bamford, The Puzzle Palace (1982) at 15. ***************************************************************** A 20707 5/4/54/OSO NSA TS CONTL. NO 73-00405 COPY: D321 Oct 24 1952 MEMORANDUM FOR: The Secretary of State The Secretary of defense SUBJECT: Communications Intelligence Activities The communications intelligence (COMINT) activities of the United States are a national responsibility. They must be so organized and managed as to exploit to the maximum the available resources in all participating departments and agencies and to satisfy the legitimate intelligence requirements of all such departments and agencies. I therefore designate the Secretaries of State and Defense as a Special Committee of the National Security Council for COMINT, which Committee shall, with the assistance of the Director of Central Intelligence, establish policies governing COMINT activities. and keep me advised of such policies through the Executive Secretary of the National Security Council. I further designate the Department of Defense as executive agent of the Government, for the production of COMINT information. I direct this Special Committee to prepare and issue directives which shall include the provisions set forth below and such other provisions as the Special Committee may determine to be necessary. 1. A directive to the United States Communication Intelligence Board (USCIB). This directive will replace the National Security Council Intelligence Directive No. 9, and shall prescribe USCIB's new composition, responsibilities and procedures in the COMINT fields. This directive shall include the following provisions. a. USCIB shall be reconstituted as a body acting for and under the Special Committee, and shall operate in accordance with the provisions of the new directive. Only those departments or agencies represented in USCIB are authorized to engage in COMINT activities. b. The Board shall be composed of the following members: (1) The Director of Central Intelligence, who shall be the Chairman of the Board. (2) A representative of the Secretary of State. (3) A representative of the Secretary of Defense (4) A representative of the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. (5) The Director of the National Security Agency. (6) A representative of the Department of the Army. (7) A representative of the Department of the Navy. (8) A representative of the Department of the Air Force. (9) A representative of the Central Intelligence Agency. c. The Board shall have a staff headed by an executive secretary who shall be appointed by the Chairman with the approval of the majority of the Board. d. It shall be the duty of the Board to advise and make recommendations to the Secretary of Defense, in accordance with the following procedure, with respect to any matter relating to communications intelligence which falls within the jurisdiction of the Director of the NSA. (1) The Board shall reach its decision by majority vote. Each member of the Board shall have one vote except the representatives of the Secretary of State and of the Central Intelligence Agency who shall each have two votes. The Director of Central Intelligence, as Chairman, will have no vote. In the event that the Board votes and reaches a decision, any dissenting member of the Board may appeal from such decision within 7 days of the Special Committee. In the event that the Board votes but fails to reach a decision, any member of the Board may appeal within 7 days to the Special Committee. In either event the Special Committee shall review the matter, and its determination thereon shall be final. Appeals by the Director of NSA and/or the representatives of the Military Departments shall only be filed with the approval of the Secretary of Defense. (2) If any matter is voted on by the Board but - (a) no decision is reached and any member files an appeal; (b) a decision is reached in which the representative of the Secretary of Defense does not concur and files an appeal; no action shall be taken with respect to the subject matter until the appeal is decided, provided that, if the Secretary of Defense determines, after consultation with the Secretary of State, that the subject matter presents a problem of an emergency nature and requires immediate action, his decision shall govern, pending the result of the appeal. In such an emergency situation the appeal may be taken directly to the President. (3) Recommendations of the Board adopted in accordance with the foregoing procedures shall be binding on the Secretary of Defense. Except on matter which have been voted on by the Board, the Director of NSA shall discharge his responsibilities in accordance with his own judgment, subject to the direction of the Secretary of Defense. (4) The Director of NSA shall make such reports and furnish such information from time to time to the Board, either orally or in writing, as the Board my request, and shall bring to the attention of the Board either in such reports or otherwise any major policies or programs in advance of their adoption by him. e. It shall also be the duty of the Board as to matters not falling within the jurisdiction of NSA; (1) To coordinate the communications intelligence activities among all departments and agencies authorized by the President to participate therein; (2) To initiate, to formulate policies concerning, and subject to the provision of NSCID No. 5, to supervise all arrangements with foreign governments in the field of communications intelligence; and (3) to consider and make recommendations concerning policies relating to communications intelligence of common interest to the departments and agencies, including security standards and practices, and, for this purpose, to investigate and study the standards and practices of such departments and agencies in utilizing and protecting COMINT information. f. Any recommendation of the Board with respect to the matters described in paragraph e above shall be binding on all departments or agencies of the Government if it is adopted by the unanimous vote of the members of the Board. Recommendations approved by the majority, but not all, of the members of the Board shall be transmitted by it to the Special Committee for such action as the Special Committee may see fit to take. g. The Board will meet monthly, or oftener at the call of the Chairman or any member, and shall determine its own procedures. 2. A directive to the Secretary of Defense. This directive shall include the following provisions: a. Subject to the specific provisions of this directive, the Secretary of Defense may delegate in whole of in part authority over the Director of NSA within his department as he sees fit. b. The COMINT mission of the National Security Agency (NSA) shall be to provide an effective, unified organization and control of the communications intelligence activities of the United States conducted against foreign governments, to provide for integrated operational policies and procedures pertaining thereto. As used in this directive, the terms "communications intelligence" or "COMINT" shall be construed to mean all procedures and methods used in the interception of communications other than foreign press and propaganda broadcasts and the obtaining of information from such communications by other than intended recipients, but shall exclude censorship and the production and dissemination of finished intelligence. c. NSA shall be administered by a Director, designated by the Secretary of Defense after consultation with the Joint Chiefs of Staff, who shall serve for a minimum term of 4 years and who shall be eligible for reappointment. The Director shall be a career commissioned officer of the armed services on active or reactivated status, and shall enjoy at least 3-star rank during the period of his incumbency. d. Under the Secretary of Defense, and in accordance with approved policies of USCIB, the Director of NSA shall be responsible for accomplishing the mission of NSA. For this purpose all COMINT collection and production resources of the United States are placed under his operational and technical control. When action by the Chiefs of the operating agencies of the Services or civilian departments or agencies is required, the Director shall normally issue instruction pertaining to COMINT operations through them. However, due to the unique technical character of COMINT operations, the Director is authorized to issue direct to any operating elements under his operational control task assignments and pertinent instructions which are within the capacity of such elements to accomplish. He shall also have direct access to, and direct communication with, any elements of the Service or civilian COMINT agencies on any other matters of operational and technical control as may be necessary, and he is authorized to obtain such information and intelligence material from them as he may require. All instruction issued by the Director under the authority provided in this paragraph shall be mandatory, subject only to appeal to the Secretary of Defense by the Chief of Service or head of civilian department of agency concerned. e. Specific responsibilities of the Director of NSA include the following: (1) Formulating necessary operational plans and policies for the conduct of the U.S. COMINT activities. (2) Conducting COMINT activities, including research and development, as required to meet the needs of the departments and agencies which hare authorized to receive the products of COMINT. (3) Determining, and submitting to appropriate authorities, requirements for logistic support for the conduct of COMINT activities, together with specific recommendations as to what each of the responsible departments and agencies of the Government should supply. (4) Within NSA's field of authorized operations prescribing requisite security regulations covering operating practices, including the transmission, handling and distribution of COMINT material within and among the COMINT elements under his operations or technical control; and exercising the necessary monitoring and supervisory control, including inspections if necessary, to ensure compliance with the regulations. (5) Subject to the authorities granted the Director Central Intelligence under NSCID No. 5, conducting all liaison on COMINT matters with foreign governmental communications intelligence agencies. f. To the extent he deems feasible and in consonance with the aims of maximum over-all efficiency, economy, and effectiveness, the Director shall centralize or consolidate the performance of COMINT functions for which he is responsible. It is recognized that in certain circumstances elements of the Armed Forces and other agencies being served will require close COMINT support. Where necessary for this close support, direct operational control of specified COMINT facilities and resources will be delegated by the Director, during such periods and for such tasks as are determined by him, to military commanders or to the Chiefs of other agencies supported. g. The Director shall exercise such administrative control over COMINT activities as he deems necessary to the effective performance of his mission. Otherwise, administrative control of personnel and facilities will remain with the departments and agencies providing them. h. The Director shall make provision for participation by representatives of each of the departments and agencies eligible to receive COMINT products in those offices of NSA where priorities of intercept and processing are finally planned. i. The Director shall have a civilian deputy whose primary responsibility shall be to ensure the mobilization and effective employment of the best available human and scientific resources in the field of cryptographic research and development. j. Nothing in this directive shall contravene the responsibilities of the individual departments and agencies for the final evaluation of COMINT information, its synthesis with information from other sources, and the dissemination of finished intelligence to users. 3. The special nature of COMINT actives requires that they be treated in all respects as being outside the framework of other or general intelligence activities. Order, directives, policies, or recommendations of any authority of the Executive Branch relating to the collection, production, security, handling, dissemination, or utilization of intelligence, and/or classified material, shall not be applicable to COMINT actives, unless specifically so stated and issued by competent departmental of agency authority represented on the Board. Other National Security Council Intelligence Directive to the Director of Central Intelligence and related implementing directives issued by the Director of Central Intelligence shall be construed as non-applicable to COMINT activities, unless the National Security Council has made its directive specifically applicable to COMINT. /s/ HARRY S. TRUMAN I thought you might enjoy seeing this historical document, which was, until about 1990, itself a classified document. PAT ------------------------------ From: Wesrock@aol.com Date: Sat, 24 Dec 2005 19:47:06 EST Subject: Re: A Merry Christmas For a Helpless Dog Who was Frozen Outside In a message dated Sat, 24 Dec 2005 14:53:30 -0600, Associated Press News Wire <ap@telecom-digest.org> writes: > Strand pulled hard on the dog's tail and was able to release him, but > the dog lost a lot of hair. "He gave a heck of a whelp," he said. This would be a remarkable event and of great scientific interest for a male dog to whelp, which means "to give birth." Wes Leatherock wesrock@aol.com wleathus@yahoo.com ------------------------------ From: Wesrock@aol.com Date: Sat, 24 Dec 2005 19:53:17 EST Subject: Re: Florida Attorney General: My Email is Not Spam! In a message dated Sat, 24 Dec 2005 14:41:08 -0600, Reuters News Wire < reuters@telecom-digest.org> writes: [ ... ] > Crist was not immediately available for comment. But Vivian Myrtetus, > a spokeswoman for his gubernatorial campaign, denied that he was > somehow holding himself to different standards than other e-mailers. > "This is not spam. This is truthful, it's straight forward. We're > honest. To be spam it has to be, under Florida law, defined as being > deceptive," Myrtetus. Spam has to be "deceptive"? Certainly a lot of the messages most people would define as spam may or may not be true. They are none the less annoying if they are true. Wes Leatherock wesrock@aol.com ------------------------------ From: sethb@panix.com (Seth Breidbart) Subject: Re: NYC Transit Strike Midst Cold Weather and Christmas Date: Sun, 25 Dec 2005 01:49:56 UTC Organization: Society for the Promulgation of Cruelty to the Clueless > [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: For someone who has no control over the > matter (as you claim about Bloomberg) he sure does a lot of talking > about the strike and taking credit for ending it Thursday afternoon. He's a politician, therefore he takes credit for anything he can. > Why don't we hear him saying, "Sorry, that's not my department, you > will need to talk to the transit workers and their managers."? If the strike had lasted another three weeks he would have. > And yes, I _know_ the one is a state agency and the other is a > municipal government ... duh! But you should know that when Bloomberg > says 'jump' everyone asks 'how high?', etc. Then why can't he get the commuter tax back? (There used to be a NYC Income Tax for non-residents of the city who worked there, but the state turned it off. Turning it on to lower taxes paid by city residents who vote for mayor would help Bloomberg.) > The union does not require ineffeciency, or no more so than the > government bosses. Then why do all efficiency improvements require negotiation with the union, and generally giving the union something in return? Seth ------------------------------ From: sethb@panix.com (Seth Breidbart) Subject: Re: As Decency Issue Boils, Comcast Sets a Family Tier Date: Sun, 25 Dec 2005 01:51:24 +0000 (UTC) Organization: Society for the Promulgation of Cruelty to the Clueless In article <telecom24.578.12@telecom-digest.org>, Seth Breidbart <sethb@panix.com> wrote: > In article <telecom24.577.1@telecom-digest.org>, Monty Solomon > <monty@roscom.com> wrote: >> By Keith Reed, Globe Staff >> Comcast Corp., the nation's largest cable provider, said yesterday it >> will offer a package of family-friendly channels in 2006, following >> increasing pressure on the industry from legislators and regulators to >> curb access to violent and sexually explicit content. > When are they going to stop sending porn spam to a 12-year-old > account? > [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: I assume you meant an email account > which has been open for twelve years, _not_ a twelve year old person. > PAT] Well, yes, but not putting it too clearly is more likely to embarrass them into maybe taking effective action. Not that I doubt the same porn spam goes to 12-year-olds, I just don't have one whose email I can check. Seth ------------------------------ From: Steven Lichter <shlichter@diespammers.com> Reply-To: Die@spammers.com Organization: I Kill Spammers, Inc. (c) 2005 A Rot in Hell Co. Subject: Re: Cell Phone Extenders? Date: Sat, 24 Dec 2005 23:43:57 GMT AES wrote: > In article <telecom24.577.6@telecom-digest.org>, Rik > <hrasmussen@nc.rr.com> wrote: >> These devices are illegal to install and operate. Only a licensee is >> authorized by the FCC to install these devices. The fact that they are >> easily purchased does not make them legal to use. >> They are frequently the source of interference to commercial wireless >> systems and more importantly, they are frequently the source of >> interference to Public Safety radio systems. >> There have been recent instances of law enforcement showing up at a >> location where one of these devices is in use and demanding it be >> disabled to stop interference to their radio system. > I had no idea this was the case -- and maybe it explains why Googling > on the topic brought up such a mixed bag of mostly not very useful > responses. > So, here's a Verizon customer, sitting at the north end of Silicon > Valley, not way out in the hills, just a mile or two from downtown > Palo Alto -- and less than one tower in the display on my phone. Any > advice on how to approach Verizon about this? You wanta bet that it is the people in the area that don't want the cell towers in their area? We had a problem in a upper coast area of Riverside, Calif. and at the time it was AirTouch. There was spotty service at the best. Finally they got so many complaints that they told the people that unless they could build sites there they would not have service. They slowed the voices down and a couple of sites were built to look like trees and a few more were put off the main highways, now service is a lot better, but still dead spots because of hills. The only good spammer is a dead one!! Have you hunted one down today? (c) 2005 I Kill Spammers, Inc. A Rot in Hell Co. ------------------------------ TELECOM Digest is an electronic journal devoted mostly to telecomm- unications topics. It is circulated anywhere there is email, in addition to various telecom forums on a variety of networks such as Compuserve and America On Line, Yahoo Groups, and other forums. It is also gatewayed to Usenet where it appears as the moderated newsgroup 'comp.dcom.telecom'. TELECOM Digest is a not-for-profit, mostly non-commercial educational service offered to the Internet by Patrick Townson. All the contents of the Digest are compilation-copyrighted. You may reprint articles in some other media on an occasional basis, but please attribute my work and that of the original author. Contact information: Patrick Townson/TELECOM Digest Post Office Box 50 Independence, KS 67301 Phone: 620-402-0134 Fax 1: 775-255-9970 Fax 2: 530-309-7234 Fax 3: 208-692-5145 Email: editor@telecom-digest.org Subscribe: telecom-subscribe@telecom-digest.org Unsubscribe:telecom-unsubscribe@telecom-digest.org This Digest is the oldest continuing e-journal about telecomm- unications on the Internet, having been founded in August, 1981 and published continuously since then. Our archives are available for your review/research. We believe we are the oldest e-zine/mailing list on the internet in any category! 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The program has state-of-the-art lab facilities on the Stillwater and Tulsa campus offering hands-on learning to enhance the program curriculum. Classes are available in Stillwater, Tulsa, or through distance learning. Please contact Jay Boyington for additional information at 405-744-9000, mstm-osu@okstate.edu, or visit the MSTM web site at http://www.mstm.okstate.edu ************************ --------------------------------------------------------------- Finally, the Digest is funded by gifts from generous readers such as yourself who provide funding in amounts deemed appropriate. Your help is important and appreciated. A suggested donation of fifty dollars per year per reader is considered appropriate. See our address above. Please make at least a single donation to cover the cost of processing your name to the mailing list. All opinions expressed herein are deemed to be those of the author. Any organizations listed are for identification purposes only and messages should not be considered any official expression by the organization. End of TELECOM Digest V24 #579 ****************************** | |